Insider Profits: How Much SPAC Sponsors Made

SPAC sponsors typically receive a 20% “promote” — roughly 20% of the trust's shares — for a nominal investment (usually $25,000). We calculated the estimated promote value across all 80 SPACs and compared it to retail investor losses.

Total Sponsor Promotes

$6.9B

estimated at trust IPO value

Total Investor Losses

$25.3B

estimated from returns

Loss per $1 of Insider Profit

$3.7

retail lost for every $1 insiders made

Total Trust Capital

$34.4B

across 80 SPACs

For every $1 insiders made, retail investors lost $3.67

SPAC sponsors collected an estimated $6.9B in promote value while retail investors lost $25.3B. The average SPAC return across these 80 companies is -65.7%.

Largest Sponsor Promotes

#CompanyTrust SizePromote ValueInvestor LossReturn
1Grab HoldingsGRAB$4.5B$900M$2.3B-52.0%
2Lucid MotorsLCID$2.1B$414M$1.0B-50.0%
3PaysafePSFE$2.0B$400M$1.4B-70.0%
4Ginkgo BioworksDNA$1.7B$345M$1.7B-97.5%
5Joby AviationJOBY$1.0B$200M$450M-45.0%
6View IncVIEW$815M$163M$815M-100.0%
7Cazoo GroupCZOO$805M$161M$805M-100.0%
8SoFi TechnologiesSOFI$800M$160M$0M+50.0%
9PolestarPSNY$800M$160M$784M-98.0%
10Better Home & FinanceBETR$750M$150M$746.25M-99.5%
11Clover HealthCLOV$720M$144M$535.6800000000001M-74.4%
12Skillz IncSKLZ$690M$138M$687.93M-99.7%
13Lordstown MotorsRIDE$675M$135M$675M-100.0%
14Butterfly NetworkBFLY$604M$120.80000000000001M$555.6800000000001M-92.0%
15Virgin GalacticSPCE$600M$120M$591M-98.5%

Worst Insider-to-Retail Ratio

SPACs where the gap between insider profits and retail losses was the most extreme.

1

WeWork

Promote: $84M · Loss: $420M

5.0x

loss per $1 promote

2

Fisker

Promote: $110.4M · Loss: $552M

5.0x

loss per $1 promote

3

Hyliion

Promote: $41.2M · Loss: $206M

5.0x

loss per $1 promote

4

Embark Technology

Promote: $40M · Loss: $200M

5.0x

loss per $1 promote

5

Lordstown Motors

Promote: $135M · Loss: $675M

5.0x

loss per $1 promote

6

Proterra

Promote: $40M · Loss: $200M

5.0x

loss per $1 promote

7

Bird Global

Promote: $32M · Loss: $160M

5.0x

loss per $1 promote

8

Lion Electric

Promote: $64M · Loss: $320M

5.0x

loss per $1 promote

9

Canoo

Promote: $60M · Loss: $300M

5.0x

loss per $1 promote

10

Eos Energy

Promote: $30M · Loss: $150M

5.0x

loss per $1 promote

Methodology

Sponsor promote values are estimated as 20% of each SPAC's trust size at IPO. Actual promote structures vary — some sponsors negotiate reduced promotes, others receive additional earnout shares. Investor losses are estimated by applying each SPAC's return percentage to its trust size. These are approximations meant to illustrate the structural misalignment between sponsor incentives and investor outcomes.